本文主要讲解通过WebBrowser控件打开浏览页面,并操作页面元素实现自动搜索功能,仅供学习分享使用,如有不足之处,还请指正。
涉及知识点
设计思路
主要采用异步等待的方式,等待页面加载完成,流程如下所示:
示例效果图
如下所示:加载完成后,自动输入【天安门】并点击搜索。
核心代码
加载新的页面,如下所示:
string url = "https://www.so.com/"; this.wb01.ScriptErrorsSuppressed = true; this.wb01.Navigate(url);
注意:this.wb01.ScriptErrorsSuppressed = true;用于是否弹出异常脚本代码错误框
获取元素并赋值,如下所示:
string search_id = "input"; string search_value = "天安门"; string btn_id = "search-button"; HtmlDocument doc = this.wb01.Document; HtmlElement search = doc.GetElementById(search_id); search.SetAttribute("value", search_value); HtmlElement btn = doc.GetElementById(btn_id); btn.InvokeMember("click");
示例整体代码,如下所示:
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace DemoExplorer { public partial class FrmExplorer : Form { private bool isLoadOk = false; private BackgroundWorker bgWork; public FrmExplorer() { InitializeComponent(); } private void FrmExplorer_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { bgWork = new BackgroundWorker(); bgWork.DoWork += bgWork_DoWork; bgWork.RunWorkerCompleted += bgWork_RunWorkerCompleted; string url = "https://www.so.com/"; this.wb01.ScriptErrorsSuppressed = true; this.wb01.Navigate(url); bgWork.RunWorkerAsync(); } private void bgWork_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e) { string search_id = "input"; string search_value = "天安门"; string btn_id = "search-button"; HtmlDocument doc = this.wb01.Document; HtmlElement search = doc.GetElementById(search_id); search.SetAttribute("value", search_value); HtmlElement btn = doc.GetElementById(btn_id); btn.InvokeMember("click"); } private void bgWork_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e) { compWait(); } private void compWait() { while (!isLoadOk) { Thread.Sleep(500); } } private void wb01_DocumentCompleted(object sender, WebBrowserDocumentCompletedEventArgs e) { this.wb01.Document.Window.Error += new HtmlElementErrorEventHandler(Window_Error); if (this.wb01.ReadyState == WebBrowserReadyState.Complete) { isLoadOk = true; } else { isLoadOk = false; } } private void Window_Error(object sender, HtmlElementErrorEventArgs e) { e.Handled = true; } } }
另外一种实现方式(MSHTML)
什么是MSHTML?
MSHTML是windows提供的用于操作IE浏览器的一个COM组件,该组件封装了HTML语言中的所有元素及其属性,通过其提供的标准接口,可以访问指定网页的所有元素。
涉及知识点
InternetExplorer 浏览器对象接口,其中DocumentComplete是文档加载完成事件。
HTMLDocumentClass Html文档对象类,用于获取页面元素。
IHTMLElement 获取页面元素,通过setAttribute设置属性值,和click()触发事件。
示例核心代码
如下所示:
namespace AutoGas { public class Program { private static bool isLoad = false; public static void Main(string[] args) { string logUrl = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["logUrl"]; //登录Url string uid = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["uid"];//用户名ID string pid = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["pid"];//密码ID string btnid = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["btnid"];//按钮ID string uvalue = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["uvalue"];//用户名 string pvalue = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["pvalue"];//密码 InternetExplorer ie = new InternetExplorerClass(); ie.DocumentComplete += Ie_DocumentComplete; object c = null; ie.Visible = true; ie.Navigate(logUrl, ref c, ref c, ref c, ref c); ie.FullScreen = true; compWait(); try { HTMLDocumentClass doc = (HTMLDocumentClass)ie.Document; IHTMLElement username = doc.getElementById(uid); IHTMLElement password = doc.getElementById(pid); IHTMLElement btn = doc.getElementById(btnid); //如果有session,则自动登录,不需要输入账号密码 if (username != null && password != null && btn != null) { username.setAttribute("value", uvalue); password.setAttribute("value", pvalue); btn.click(); } } catch (Exception ex) { } } public static void compWait() { while (!isLoad) { Thread.Sleep(200); } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="pDisp"></param> /// <param name="URL"></param> private static void Ie_DocumentComplete(object pDisp, ref object URL) { isLoad = true; } } }
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