场景：
经常会遇到下述问题：很多io busy的应用采取多线程的方式来解决，但这时候会发现python命令行不响应ctrl-c 了，而对应的java代码则没有问题：
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
while (true) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (Exception e) {
}
System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis());
if (System.currentTimeMillis() - start > 1000 * 100) break;
}
}
}).start();
}
}
java Test
ctrl-c则会结束程序
而对应的python代码：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import time import threading start=time.time() def foreverLoop(): start=time.time() while 1: time.sleep(1) print time.time() if time.time()-start>100: break thread_=threading.Thread(target=foreverLoop) #thread_.setDaemon(True) thread_.start()
python p.py
后ctrl-c则完全不起作用了。
不成熟的分析：
首先单单设置 daemon 为 true 肯定不行，就不解释了。当daemon为 false 时，导入python线程库后实际上，threading会在主线程执行完毕后，检查是否有不是 daemon 的线程，有的化就wait，等待线程结束了，在主线程等待期间，所有发送到主线程的信号也会被阻测，可以在上述代码加入signal模块验证一下：
def sigint_handler(signum,frame): print "main-thread exit" sys.exit() signal.signal(signal.SIGINT,sigint_handler)
在100秒内按下ctrl－c没有反应，只有当子线程结束后才会出现打印 "main-thread exit",可见 ctrl-c被阻测了
threading 中在主线程结束时进行的操作：
_shutdown = _MainThread()._exitfunc
def _exitfunc(self):
self._Thread__stop()
t = _pickSomeNonDaemonThread()
if t:
if __debug__:
self._note("%s: waiting for other threads", self)
while t:
t.join()
t = _pickSomeNonDaemonThread()
if __debug__:
self._note("%s: exiting", self)
self._Thread__delete()
对所有的非daemon线程进行join等待，其中join中可自行察看源码，又调用了wait，同上文分析 ，主线程等待到了一把锁上。
不成熟的解决：
只能把线程设成daemon才能让主线程不等待，能够接受ctrl－c信号，但是又不能让子线程立即结束，那么只能采用传统的轮询方法了，采用sleep间歇省点cpu吧：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import time,signal,traceback import sys import threading start=time.time() def foreverLoop(): start=time.time() while 1: time.sleep(1) print time.time() if time.time()-start>5: break thread_=threading.Thread(target=foreverLoop) thread_.setDaemon(True) thread_.start() #主线程wait住了,不能接受信号了 #thread_.join() def _exitCheckfunc(): print "ok" try: while 1: alive=False if thread_.isAlive(): alive=True if not alive: break time.sleep(1) #为了使得统计时间能够运行，要捕捉 KeyboardInterrupt :ctrl-c except KeyboardInterrupt, e: traceback.print_exc() print "consume time :",time.time()-start threading._shutdown=_exitCheckfunc
缺点：轮询总会浪费点cpu资源，以及battery.
有更好的解决方案敬请提出。
ps1: 进程监控解决方案 ：
用另外一个进程来接受信号后杀掉执行任务进程，牛
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import time,signal,traceback,os import sys import threading start=time.time() def foreverLoop(): start=time.time() while 1: time.sleep(1) print time.time() if time.time()-start>5: break class Watcher: """this class solves two problems with multithreaded programs in Python, (1) a signal might be delivered to any thread (which is just a malfeature) and (2) if the thread that gets the signal is waiting, the signal is ignored (which is a bug). The watcher is a concurrent process (not thread) that waits for a signal and the process that contains the threads. See Appendix A of The Little Book of Semaphores. http://greenteapress.com/semaphores/ I have only tested this on Linux. I would expect it to work on the Macintosh and not work on Windows. """ def __init__(self): """ Creates a child thread, which returns. The parent thread waits for a KeyboardInterrupt and then kills the child thread. """ self.child = os.fork() if self.child == 0: return else: self.watch() def watch(self): try: os.wait() except KeyboardInterrupt: # I put the capital B in KeyBoardInterrupt so I can # tell when the Watcher gets the SIGINT print 'KeyBoardInterrupt' self.kill() sys.exit() def kill(self): try: os.kill(self.child, signal.SIGKILL) except OSError: pass Watcher() thread_=threading.Thread(target=foreverLoop) thread_.start()
注意 watch()一定要放在线程创建前，原因未知。。。。，否则立刻就结束